The road that connects the cities of Ilhéus and Itacaré (BA 001) was built ten years ago, opening access to a still very preserved region at the North of Ilhéus. At that time, Serra Grande was a little isolated village on the way, and its population lived on extractive activities and family farming. Today, the region that includes Serra Grande and Itacaré is recognized by UNESCO as a Nature Protection Area, being very attractive for tourism because of its marvellous beaches and beautiful landscapes. There are rests of Atlantic rain forest with a unique biodiversity, and a great number of environmental organisations is struggling for their conservation.